Physicians’ Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Clinical Decision-Making
Project Summary
The aim of this project was to explore how physicians conceive of and use AI (Chat GPT-4) for diagnosis and case management decision-making. Physicians were presented with mock cases to use GPT-4 to come up with possible diagnoses or solutions for case management scenarios. We then interviewed them about how using GPT-4 influenced their decision-making, and explored implementation issues for integrating such tools into routine clinical care. This explanatory study was conducted as a follow up to the randomized controlled trial that identified that AI outperformed both physicians and physicians with AI on clinical reasoning tasks.
Funding
This work was funded by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and the Division of Hospital Medicine.
For any questions or further information related to this project, please contact Laura Holdsworth (l.holdsworth@stanford.edu).
Featured
Publications
Kerman H, Siden R, Cool JA, Hom J, Goh E, Ahuja N, Shieh L, Heidenreich P, Yang D, Rodman A, Chen JH, Holdsworth LM. “I double checked it with my own knowledge:” physician perspectives on the use of AI chatbots for clinical decision-making. Journal of General Internal Medicine. Published online January 21, 2026. doi:10.1007/s11606-025-10145-0
Siden R, Kerman H, Gallo RJ, Cool JA, Hom J, Goh E, Ahuja N, Heidenreich P, Shieh L, Yang D, Chen JH, Rodman A, Holdsworth LM. A typology of physician input approaches to using AI chatbots for clinical decision-making. npj Digital Medicine. 2025;9(1):14. doi:10.1038/s41746-025-02184-y
